In general, the meaning of acid-base titration is measuring the solution of a reactant so that it can react perfectly with other reactants. In chemistry, usually a laboratory assistant often mixes certain chemical liquids to determine the acidity level of a solution. This then gives rise to the acid-base titration. Later, the titration will result in the distribution of pH using certain formulas and indicators. Here, we will discuss more about the meaning of acid-base titration, formulas, and indicators!

The pH division of the acid-base titration

When an alkaline solution is given an acid solution, the result is that the pH of the solution will drop. The opposite will happen if the acid solution is dripped with an alkaline solution, the result is that the pH will actually rise. The division is divided into three levels.

• Titration of strong acids and strong bases

In this titration, it can be exemplified from the titration process of 40 ml of 0.1 M HCL solution which is dripped using 0.1 M NaOH solution slowly. For the indicator using bromtimol blue, methyl red, and phenolphthalein.

• Titration of a weak acid with a strong base

For example, this titration is the titration of 40 ml of 0.1 M CH3COOH solution which is dripped using 0.1 M NaOH solution slowly. Meanwhile, the indicator used is phenolphthalein.

• Titration of a weak base with a strong acid

Next is a titration involving a weak base with a strong acid, namely the titration of 40 ml of NH30.1 M solution which is dripped using 0.1 M HCL solution slowly. The indicator used is phenolphthalein.

What is the formula for the acid-base titration?

After knowing the meaning of acid-base titration, now you also need to know the formula which is obtained by taking into account the equivalence and non-equivalence points. From here, there are three different types of formulas that are often used, namely:

• Mol - Acid Equivalent = Mol - Base Equivalent, while mol-equivalent is obtained by the product of the product of normality by volume. Then, it will generate another formula.

• NxV acid = NxV base, the normality obtained from the multiplication of molarity denoted by "M" and the number of acid H + ions and the number of OH ions present in acids and bases and produces the formula NxV acid = NxV base.

What are the indicators of acid-base?

Acid-base titration has its own indicators. This indicator is to see whether the acid-base is weak or has a strong acid-base. Here, for acids and bases the indicator is a weak acid which has a different color solution of the molecule and ion.

Then, an indicator substance in the form of acid or soluble or stable will have a very strong color change. Acid-base indicators are usually found at the equivalence point and also at the pH measurement. As for some acid-base indicators are as follows:

1. Thymol blue, has an acid-red color change and a yellow base change with a solvent in the form of water.
2. Methyl yellow, has an acid red color change and a yellow base change with a solvent in the form of 90% ethanol.
3. Methyl orange has an acid-red color change and a yellow-orange base change with a solvent in the form of water.
4. Methyl red, has an acid red color change and a yellow base change with a solvent in the form of water.
5. Bromtimol blue, has an acid yellow color change and a blue base change with a solvent in the form of water.
6. Phenolphthalein, has a colorless acidic color change and a red-purple base change with a solvent in the form of 70% ethanol.
7. Timolphthalein, has a colorless acidic color change and a blue base change with a solvent in the form of 90% ethanol.

Perform a titration on acid-base

Performing a titration cannot be done carelessly and requires careful calculations in order to get the best results. Therefore, there are several steps that you must pay attention to, namely:

1. The standard solution known as the titrating agent or titrant is inserted into the burette that has been pre-measured with a certain size.

2. The substance to be titrated is then placed in a special container, be it a beaker or erlenmeyer, and is placed under the burette filled with the titrating agent.

3. Then, add the right indicator to the titrate. Usually used is the phenolphthalein indicator.

4. Arrange the titration tool carefully and well. In this condition, the burette is placed upright. Then, the titrate container is at the end of the burette. Place a sheet of white paper or use a white tissue in the titrat container.

5. Finally, adjust the titrate slowly until it dissolves in the beaker and wait for the color to change.

To get the best results in titration, a qualified and modern laboratory equipment that has the best features is needed. One of them is a product of quality laboratory equipment from PT Mettler Toledo Indonesia. That is the meaning of acid-base titration that you can learn, hopefully this is useful!