In power plants, optimal water quality is critical to maintaining equipment efficiency and reliability. Pure Water Analytics Online enables real-time monitoring of water parameters, allowing operators to prevent corrosion, scaling, carryover, and contamination that can damage boilers, turbines, and cooling systems.

With an online analysis system, changes in water quality can be detected more quickly than with conventional methods, allowing corrective action to be taken immediately. This reduces downtime, optimizes chemical use, and extends equipment life.

Critical Parameters in Pure Water Analytics Online:
1. pH → Measures the acidity or alkalinity of water.
2. Conductivity → Indicates the amount of dissolved ions in water, which is related to purity.
3. Dissolved Oxygen (DO) → the amount of oxygen dissolved in water
4. Silica → a chemical compound that is naturally found in various forms, such as sand, quartz, and other minerals
5. Chloride & Sulfate → types of ions that are often found in water and play an important role in water chemistry.
6. ORP (Oxidation-Reduction Potential) → a measure of the ability of a solution to act as an oxidizing or reducing agent, expressed in millivolts (mV).
7. Sodium (Na?) → a positive ion (cation) derived from the element sodium, one of the most abundant chemical elements in nature.

If the critical parameters in pure water analysis exceed the specified limits, various problems can arise, depending on the parameters. Here are some of the effects:

1. pH:
- Too low a pH (acidic) can cause corrosion of pipes and equipment.
- Too high a pH (alkaline) can cause mineral precipitation and affect certain chemical processes.

2. Conductivity:
- High conductivity indicates an increase in dissolved ions, which means the water is no longer pure. This can affect industrial processes that require high-purity water.

High conductivity in boiler water can cause a number of serious problems, including:
- Corrosion: High dissolved ions increase the risk of galvanic corrosion of boiler pipes and components, which can lead to structural damage.

- Scaling: Dissolved solids can precipitate and form scales on heating surfaces, reducing heat transfer efficiency and increasing energy consumption.

3. Dissolve Oxygen
- Too High DO indicates excessive aeration, air leaks, low temperatures.
Impact: Oxidative corrosion, damage to equipment (pipes, boilers, turbines), impaired deionization.
- Too Low DO
Indicates: Closed system, deoxygenation agents, reduction reactions, high temperatures.
Impact: Growth of anaerobic bacteria, H?S gas, microbiological corrosion.

High DO causes oxidative corrosion, low DO supports anaerobic bacteria. DO control is essential to maintain water and equipment purity.

4. Silica
Too High Silica
Indicates:
• Raw water contains high silica.
• Failure of demineralization or RO process.
• Low ion exchange efficiency.
Impact:
• Scale formation in boilers, turbines and heat exchangers, reducing thermal efficiency.
• RO membrane clogging, reducing filtration performance.
• Industrial process disruption, especially in power plants and manufacturing.

5. Chloride and Sulfate
High Chloride & Sulfate
Indicates: Contamination of water source, leakage of ion-exchange resin, industrial pollution.
Impact:
• Pitting corrosion of stainless steel and metal equipment.
• Increased conductivity of water, reducing purity.
• Industrial process disruption, especially in boilers and cooling systems.

Low Chloride & Sulfate
Indicates: Demineralization process is very effective.
Impact:
• Water is too aggressive, increasing risk of corrosion of some materials.
• Not significant in many applications, except for systems requiring a specific ion balance.

6. ORP
High ORP (Oxidative)
Indicates:
• High dissolved oxygen content.
• Use of oxidizing agents such as chlorine, ozone, or peroxide.
• Water tends to be oxidative.
Impact:
• Faster metal corrosion, especially on steel & copper.
• Effective for disinfection (kills bacteria & microorganisms).
• Increases the formation of oxide scale, disrupting piping & boiler systems.

Low ORP (Reductive)
Indicates:
• High reducing agent content (eg sulfide, iron, or hydrazine).
• Low dissolved oxygen or anaerobic environment.
• Water tends to be reductive.
Impact:
• Growth of anaerobic bacteria (eg foul-smelling H?S-producing bacteria).
• Risk of microbiological corrosion in piping systems.
• Impaired efficiency in refining processes that require oxidative conditions.

7. Sodium
High Sodium
Indicates:
• Leakage from the softening process (ion exchange).
• Contamination from raw water or industrial sources.
• Decreased efficiency of the deionization or RO system.

Impact:
• Increased water conductivity, decreasing purity.
• Scale formation in boilers & turbines, decreasing thermal efficiency.

Controlling these parameters is essential to maintain water quality according to standards and avoid potential damage to the system or product.

Benefits of Pure Water Analytics Online
- Real-time & automatic monitoring → Early detection of water contamination.
- Chemical efficiency → More optimal use of chemicals, reducing operational costs.
- Prevention of equipment damage → Avoids scaling & corrosion that can cause downtime.
- Increased energy efficiency → Purer water improves heat transfer and boiler performance.

Using Pure Water Analytics Online in water treatment at power plants is a strategic step to improve operational reliability, energy efficiency, and reduce maintenance costs. By automatically monitoring water quality parameters, the system can operate more stably, extending the life of the equipment, and preventing disruptions that are detrimental to electricity production.